What is the main function of the evaporator in a refrigeration system?

The main function of the evaporator in a refrigeration system is to absorb heat into the system. This process takes place when the refrigerant, which enters the evaporator as a low-pressure liquid, absorbs heat from the surrounding environment (such as air, water, or another medium) and evaporates into a gas. This heat absorption effectively lowers the temperature of the environment being cooled, making the evaporator crucial for the refrigeration cycle.

In the refrigeration cycle, as the refrigerant evaporates inside the evaporator coil, it draws heat from the space being cooled, thus providing a cooling effect. The gas created as the refrigerant absorbs heat is then moved to the compressor, where it is pressurized, maintaining the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of the evaporator. Rejecting heat is primarily the role of the condenser, which releases the heat absorbed by the refrigerant to the outside environment. Compressing the refrigerant is the task of the compressor, which increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant gas. Controlling refrigerant flow is typically managed by expansion devices or valves in the system.